Braille is for the visually impaired child:" Read and write is to live in equality . "
Louis Braille (1809-1852) was the creator of the reading system that bears his name. Louis lost his sight in an accident three years. At eight, her father brings the child to be accepted into the village school where, despite following the oral form only classes, get good results. Two years later, in 1819 and won a scholarship, Louis is sent to a special school for the blind in Paris.
There, the reader was Haüy method, which was to print the letters in relief, but had two great difficulties with him could not write, and the reading was slow and laborious as it large types need to be perceived by touch. In fact the system was very uncomfortable because some works came to occupy 20 volumes.
In 1821 the school reached Charles Barbier de la Serre, an artillery captain in the army of Louis XVIII, who claims to be the creator of a new method of reading for the blind. The system Barbier, he called with two names (night writing or sonography), consisted of a series of signs formed by the combination of twelve points and is distributed in two vertical rows. Barbier developed this system in order to soldiers could communicate in the dark. Spelled with an pattern and a punch on a heavy paper and read with your fingers.
At that time, Louis was the most outstanding student of the school, so the director was commissioned to evaluate this discovery. Louis was delighted with this method, as well as allowing faster reading, was able to write. However, he found two significant flaws: first, the signs were too large, so that could not be collected at one time and, secondly, it was a sonogram, but not an alphabet.
Louis Barbier modified the system by reducing its size (from 12 to 6 points maximum for each sign) and the creation of an alphabet. Captain Barbier did not accept these changes until the end of his life, even though Louis Braille, by publishing his system in 1827, said he had merely adapted it sonography.
addition of the alphabet, Louis adapted to mathematics, science and music. Nevertheless, for several years he and other students of the school used this system in secret, since it was banned. The rejection came from three main fronts: Barbier, who refused to accept the amendments made by supporters of Haüy method, which defended its prominence and, Finally, the visionaries who believed that the isolated braille for the blind because they were unable to read (although anyone can learn). Some beginnings similar to those that had the system of signs used by deaf people (at this point I highly recommend the book by Oliver Sacks I see a voice ).
Braille was officially approved in 1840, and in 1878 was promoted by an international conference as the best reading for the blind. The first country that accepted it was Brazil in 1854 and the last United States in 1917.
In the ONCE website can read more about the development of braille and even access to an interactive on their learning (explained in a simple and very clear.)Links to work:
http://www.once.es/new
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