In this article, want to establish an intimate relationship between Educational Renewal Movements (MRPs) and the methodological principles of application of new technologies (ICT) within the educational field critically and more specifically in Diversity.
The contemporary pedagogical bases are authors such as Maria Montessori, Franscesc Ferrer i Guardia, Francisco Giner de los Rios and Paulo Freire, among other Hispanic or Latin American.
I will not enter the debate, but remember that everything "principles metológicos application of ICT" should reflect the principles and methodology of the contemporary school :
• Supremacy education instruction, democratic education.
• Respect the individuality especially the student with special educational needs.
• Serving the interests of students with diversity. • Discipline
based on student-teacher collaboration, taking responsibility and social skills to create environments "diverse in respect." • Replace
competitiveness through mutual cooperation, based on a "biosphere Educational Diversity."
• Coeducation or Values \u200b\u200bEducation q ue exercise a salutary influence of one sex over another.
Education • A "human being in technological progress" , but no slave to technology, to help the diversity of the twenty- aware of the dignity and personality of the "human being."
Benedetti says that "Oblivion is full of memories." But just in case, if some memories falter, it is worth remembering that " Educational Renewal Movements (MRPs) have generated the most lively and creative analysis of the school in recent decades." (Ana Yuste and others 1994).
Over 25 years have been "awareness and education debate." MRPs are taking a critique of the uses and forms of "ICT" in school: globalization, the manipulation of mass media, the trivialization of the 3 rd World poverty, poverty, etc; question the demobilization, scheduled entertainment and consumerism wild. Are challenges that we must take into account in the Education Service to Diversity, that ICT, work for justice, social and democratic participation, as well as world peace.
I'm going to allow that in the early twentieth century, in the city of Cartagena was promoted for the Advancement of Teaching, while not a new technology, if reflective and critical in nature for us to look at the educational and historical past propaedeutic the educational future.
"Hope for the future
The philosophy of indefinite perfectibility is not illusion, is the mockery of the human species. . . . . . . . . . Indefinite and continuous progress is a chimera contradicted by the history and nature in every respect, but on the local and temporary improvement is attested as true.
Alf. De Lamartine.
Year 1866:
Most Illustrious Lord
Gentlemen
If intelligence, rising above all human beings to fulfill their destinies and move closer to nature, the Creator, it departs from the subject, this The ultimate accessory maker has been joined to better perform the functions assigned to it in his infinite wisdom, if the intelligence I say, regardless of materiality, raises his mysterious flight to contemplate the infinite astonishment, not long before his descent from incalculable heights to encourage nature, applying the products to create her inexhaustible source of ideas. And here are the results of the healthy fusion of spirit and matter, intelligence work, the purpose of him who presides over all, are thus completed, as the man who created resembling themselves and form King of Creation, man invents runs through sui intelligence, and this, after helping the matter, put into practice those creations and those inventions. The science that directly emanates from the human understanding, would be useless by itself despite its sublimity rnajestuosa, of no use either mechanical art with its entrenched and stationary routines, wrapped up the darkness of ignorance, the darkness of a bad practice, but see Here twin soul with the body, spirit and matter, intelligence work, science with art; helos amicably together, helping each other which caring friends, and here's the result of both developed products, civilization and progress. Here comes involuntarily idea if this progress is indefinite, as various philosophers have said, or is perhaps a limit before which come crashing unsuccessfully all human endeavors. Let's see. The world started and will continue marching, and who dared to oppose his impetuous stream, he would be caught. For what is not possible to human ingenuity? Under these great discoveries that we admire, and sometimes overwhelmed, formed to support emerging theories, a few years now, maybe our imagination can calculate the height to be raised one day.
The Maker of the Universe, the Supreme Artificer, to make man and place him on the level of other beings, was endowed with a soul, which hinted at a reflection of his divinity. Since then the man was a faithful and perpetual observer of natural phenomena, he studied its effects, applied to their applications, and practical later in the observation and examination of its laws, expanded the limits of their aspirations so that dare to direct their order where before it would have seemed impossible and absurd.
The man, in fact, investigated the course of the stars, and through his knowledge of the seas could penetrate guided by reflection, the man measured the vastness of the land, and space, the distance to the bodies Planetary and complete a wonderful turn of those worlds, man, to discover the mysterious property of the magnet, applied it to a needle, and drawing a circle around it, is released into the vastness of the seas, which had braved stormy width until then, forming straight through him and fixed the roads through the darkness and storms, the man, with some coal and some particles of sulfur and saltpeter, it creates a devastating fuel sprayed forests, ridges and holes rises to great heights iron globes spread desolation and death to his enemies but man has invented the microscope and other instruments to enlarge the power of their senses, and examined the structure and organization to animal infusoria, in this new world that escaped silent their investigations, the man, through the water contained in a vessel and raised to a certain temperature, it combines a powerful engine which transposes the wind speed and move objects and people in need weights and machines many thousand arms, the atmosphere, exclusive property before the birds, has been in its domain, the land is accessed in the back of his greedy gut, and the sea is assaulted in its deepest depths by that indefatigable traveler of the earth, and, oh power of human ingenuity!, the man gets bold in the stormy clouds where the lightning blazing furnace, there electricity surprisingly, applies to their practices, and through it cancels the distance, communicating men from one to another pole and through the most horrible precipices and raging oceans in a time-out during measurement. And many prodigies do not work daily man advances in chemistry? And how many do not view at all times in physics from Archimedes, with repeated observations and ongoing studies, presented the first of the foundations of this great science? And how much has not advanced in mathematics, philosophy, natural history, in everything, in short, as capable of intelligence? And literature, star shining, radiance that emerges from our spiritual soul and pure glow that radiates from the throne of the Most High, literature has taken a thousand times different forms, now advancing, now receding glittering career, following the vicissitudes of the human race, what would have been science without the written word? How have enough memory of men without the aid of the universal resonance of intelligence, man's eternal echo of that to be expressive, which, despite its infinite smallness, rises from nothing to infinity, because accumulating ideas, truths and feelings through literature continues unabated for generations? There are fragments found by chance in India, Persia, Egypt and other countries, through which precious remains hazy and cloudy periods still see some great for literature, periods as large or larger than ours, they disappeared relegated to oblivion, to be replaced by others who go to the same end, the balloon is not more than a charnel house of civilizations buried, that some of its literature We moan discovered or remembered, but civilizations were barbaric, and let me this antithesis in view of their property. We marched through the true path of advancement, the man now beginning to use its prerogative of the king of the Creation, and all is his work, everything is subject to examination and investigation, nothing escapes his talent and extensive penetration and almost Divine ... but it is not created by the circle of human knowledge is depleted, none of this exists, the man has a soul and that soul has no inertia, but follows the requirements of its Creator. "Oh, soul, breath of the Creator of the world, go and meet the high targets that you are confident, flash Godhead see, runs and rise above the petty thoughts of passion, brilliance of Omnipotence, is that you are the King of Creation and all its laws are under your domain for review! "
But this notwithstanding, man is God, the creature can never be equated with its Creator. We lie philosophers who have laid a dream absurd theories indefinite process, a continuous perfectibility human species! Nothing is born in this world, even genius. Evidence or clues that indicate that this is so because years ago that the world exists. Except in the purely mechanical industries born of intelligence, both change the customs of the nations without altering the substance of their civilization, otherwise everything remains the same. The ideas, passion, genius, institutions, public venture, the organs, the physical and moral needs, happiness, are the same today that five thousand years ago, and in this sense was like the wise man said : Nothing is new under the sun. Until that progress on local and, these developments based on observation and product of many centuries, those inventions that once they had qualified for miracles, as no works of Satan, have marked an end that we catch sight. We do not know the distance you can cover man, but to know everyone and we show no effort of imagination on the horizon of our career is traced by the finger of Providence, a non plus ultra, a limit fixed, to which is attached an insurmountable barrier to humans. Only God knows their secrets!, And we try hard to understand. You, wise men, who arribéis these limits, stop! ... do not be foolish ... you are on the brink of an abyss ... behold ... worship ... expliquéis admire and not ... despair to pass those limits ... you approach a big secret ... the other side is God ... And no wonder the thought of God ... Want to spend later became obstinately to their own and without the thread of Ariadne to the Minotaur's cave.
Leaving, however, aside those who fail to be utopian in the ideas that do not reach things, man should work, but much incessantly, to approach these limits of progress, which are undoubtedly still far away. Ardently working man, whose genius toils, and rages at the edge of civilization. Today, everything is going at an incredible rate, the stop for a minute is a hundred miles back. And how can we we feel burning in our soul-fire that devours our minds, we had to park and cross your arms without adhering to the general movement and in danger of being crushed? It was impossible, we have united and have formed a corporation, the name of University of Huesca, and that might well be called Society of Brothers of the people. Do not think, gentlemen, that comes with pretensions to illustrate the high school's literary world, nor does he scale the walls of Parnassus, or try to resolve any outstanding issues in various branches of human progress, even we discuss the high and abstract physical theories, theological, philosophical or other gender, their wishes are humble and modest aspirations, but no less useful thought. No building may be born without having begun with the foundation, foundation is the progress as do all things, and this foundation, without which we can not proceed a step, are those who have come to form the University begins today, will disseminate early yes, but principles that widened later, give optimum results. Not want the Ateneo form the forest canopy covering the ground, only looking, and maybe get the merger in a single member of the intelligence worker and the worker's work, they can not exist without each other, and , which the humble little plants grow lush sheltered of stout oak, and both thrive and vaunting his shadow each other. In trying to illustrate the Athenaeum to the town by the same people, by treating, say, of illustration spread among artisans, farmers and others, create a great service to the town, as intended in this way, feed the tree their roots.
So young, hope in the future!, That your routines and shame disappear runs the impressive voice of teachers who would soon resonate in this room; hope! That well after the rudiments of science open your eyes darkened, and see through it a new world that was not to your scope, and not exercising rule or influence of any kind on your mind the thorns that you can find on the road, there is the entire catalog of famous men, who have illustrated his time, one who has acquired glory welfare, without a ceaseless drudgery, in addition, work and study that honor the exercises, but not idleness, which makes it repugnant to their worshipers. Yes, the idle man is a monster, far from favoring the harms society in an eminent degree. Work and study are goods that have no point of contact with so-called goods of fortune, are goods that can not snatch thefts, no war, no fire: Fixed unfortunate that his career in the fickle wheel of fortune as it reaches the day of adversity, and its irresistible momentum not left standing but the memory of the lost property and lost education! Young
! Love the work and study, because they are goods that never run out, love them, because they are inseparable friends in fortune and in misfortune, will always by your side, and pour your heart the balm of happiness, joy and encouragement, and from one who despises my advice, what bitter tears of sorrow shed to his memory, but it's too late! And do not be ashamed, craftsmen, Working to be sons of the people coming out, that nobility is not today in dusty, gnawed scrolls, but the nobility of action and feelings, in virtue, in instruction, in righteousness and in the workplace. Alentémonos, then, and work, which opens a wide field to our hungry imagination, learn much, even they are only the foundations of science, and work, study hard, eager to drink science, which so lavishly spreads everywhere for us, gentlemen, we help to demonstrate to the face of the world that the English are not civilized and savage, and that his genius is as capable as any foreigner. Ateneo Our
has received a warm welcome and a predilection that the jealous honor our authorities and worthy bishop, who headed the most sincere affection, on behalf of all partners and all lovers of good. Continue caring with their commitment to the University, and this, together with other institutions and foundations of its kind, will spread the seeds by the handful of good, virtue and knowledge, their need and also support all people are jealous of the advancement that animates the world, and do not hesitate to give us, albeit only under highly philanthropic sentiments that has emerged this Society.
Come then, ye they yearn to drink in the tasty source of wisdom, and that one day the Ateneo mostréis was not an idle dream of men awake or an unattainable utopia, but a great thought, born in humble heads breathed only love for their fellow brothers. But Stay, you that in your imagination forjándoos corrupt thoughts contrary to ours, we lavished babéis the dictates of proud and ambitious of glory, stop you who have watched with wry smile our University as a paradox without solution or as a dream heated fantasies do not care, face impassive, but always with dignity, always with disdain, all kinds of insults that lead us fools, feel, yes, we are headed person charges illustration and discretion, for what that
If the sage does not endorse, bad;
If the populace applauds worse
but we are sure that this will not be. Columbus was also identified as crazy about having your head in delirium: Galileo also was sentenced to be burned by those who were not able to climb to the height of his genius, even the children of Homer Samienos insulted, because they said it blocked the roads of the island, reciting his verses from door to door. What! Have we to be more they?! No, maybe we are accused, what are not. What little damage they do know the people who, unaware of their mission, they laugh at everything without showing anything! Envious! Do not you know that your anger wroth rock will crash into the general good, and your cries, similar to those of the rabid dog in a cage, can not make us the least harm? Soon receive lesson that vex your brazen boldness, your jokes and your evil erroneous opinion will then be silent, ecstatic at the sight of love, and concern with which the people will see that educates the people, the craftsman to artisan and friend his friend. Cease therefore unworthy of your conduct, because you see clearly the unequal struggle, but nevertheless that, if a mean-spirited, taking to the mask of fiction and hypocrisy, is internare in this room to share with us then our actions to circumvent or disrupt our plans, shake themselves! they feel the vengeance of his remorse, and general contempt thousand anathemas fulminated will be followed by the mouth of all those who thought they saw, and rightly, in our purpose, a convenient means of illustrating the larger class, but unfortunately most needed knowledge of society. Our thoughts
is pure, emanating from the depths of our desire for brotherhood and progress, does not in itself a sight of, and interest, so our conscience is clear, say more, satisfied with our thinking, and therefore have no need to lower the head and humble to none. Let us go then, and with head erect, which is the hallmark of virtue and good works. Incriminate us, what do we care? We are confident of doing well, and this is enough, that in exchange for our toil and sleepless nights, we attract over our heads ingratitude and tribulations, what do we care? Bástanos inner satisfaction that we find our way to work, and finally the majority, generality, always knows what is good and does justice to who has it. Let us act well and we remember the reward.
Thus, developed countries, which yield lighter obstacles that might impede our progress. Behind the grim ghosts that threaten to envelop the Society! Step by youth in whose veins runs the sacred fire of brotherhood, science and homeland! Step to the youth, who only care to march on the wings of civilization! Behind the routine and the errors that obscured the minds of the people! Step to the young, fiery and energetic, go in search of ignorance, to demolish it, science to extol! Let's run, Gentlemen, let us fly to enlighten us all, because this is the noblest prerogative to grant it pleased the Creator.
I said.
Huesca, January 6, 1866.
teacher, school and home (teaching notes)
Joaquín Costa "
Links websites of interest and bibliography Alpera
* Marti, Felix." For the schools of Europe. "Edita Association Graduate School of Cartagena. 2000 .
http://www.pangea.org/jei/edu/tab/llorente.htm
http://webpages.ull.es/users/manarea/Documentos/documento6.htm
http://es.wikipedia. org / wiki / prop% C3% A9utica
http://www.pangea.org/jei/edu/tab/
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